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Duc Nguyen @ducxomme
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Đã đăng vào thg 8 22, 2020 1:03 CH 5 phút đọc
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Xây dựng cấu trúc High Availability cơ bản trong AWS với CloudFormation

Chào các bạn, hôm nay mình xin giới thiệu về tạo một cấu trúc high availability trong AWS bằng CloudFormation

  • Nói sơ về cấu trúc hệ thống của bài hôm nay

    Architecture

    Người dùng truy cập tới trang web thông qua DNS của Application Load Balancer (Cái này có thể thay bằng Domain Route 53, vì demo nên mình lấy DNS của ALB luôn, trong hơi xấu xấu tí nhưng không sao !! hehe ). Tiếp đến traffic đưa tới Target Group với Auto Scaling đảm bảo 2 EC2 instance luôn được online.

  1. Tạo VPC

    VPC.yml

    AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: >
  VPC Network

Parameters:
  StageName:
    Type: String
    Default: dev

  ApplicationName:
    Type: String
    Default: wordpress

  VPCCIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: '192.168.48.0/20'
  PublicSubnetCIDRs:
    Type: CommaDelimitedList
    Default: '192.168.48.0/24,192.168.49.0/24'
  PrivateSubnetCIDRs:
    Type: CommaDelimitedList
    Default: '192.168.50.0/24,192.168.51.0/24'

Resources:
  VPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref VPCCIDR
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true
      InstanceTenancy: default
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-VPC"

  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway
    Properties:
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-IGW"

  IGAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref VPC

  # ROUTE TABLE
  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    DependsOn: IGAttachment
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicRouteTable"
  PrivateRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PrivateRouteTable"

  PublicRoute:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    DependsOn: IGAttachment
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: "0.0.0.0/0"
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  # SUBNET
  PublicSubnet1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [0, !GetAZs {Ref: 'AWS::Region'}]
      CidrBlock: !Select [0, !Ref PublicSubnetCIDRs]
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet1"
  PublicSubnet1RouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet1
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable


  PublicSubnet2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [1, !GetAZs {Ref: 'AWS::Region'}]
      CidrBlock: !Select [1, !Ref PublicSubnetCIDRs]
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet2"
  PublicSubnet2RouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet2
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable

  PrivateSubnet1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [0, !GetAZs {Ref: 'AWS::Region'}]
      CidrBlock: !Select [0, !Ref PrivateSubnetCIDRs]
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PrivateSubnet1"
  PrivateSubnet1RouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnet1
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable

  PrivateSubnet2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [1, !GetAZs {Ref: 'AWS::Region'}]
      CidrBlock: !Select [1, !Ref PrivateSubnetCIDRs]
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PrivateSubnet2"
  PrivateSubnet2RouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnet2
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
   
  LoadBalancerSG:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Security Group for LoadBalancer
      GroupName: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-ALB-SG"
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - CidrIp: '0.0.0.0/0'
          IpProtocol: tcp
          FromPort: 80
          ToPort: 80

 # SG cho Application, chỉ nhận traffic từ Load Balancer vào
  ApplicationSG:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Security Group for Application
      GroupName: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-Application-SG"
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - SourceSecurityGroupId: !Ref LoadBalancerSG
          IpProtocol: tcp
          FromPort: 80
          ToPort: 80
          Description: 'From ALB'


Outputs:
  VPC:
    Value: !Ref VPC
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-VPC"

  PublicSubnet1:
    Value: !Ref PublicSubnet1
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet1"

  PublicSubnet2:
    Value: !Ref PublicSubnet2
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet2"

  InternetGateway: 
    Value: !Ref InternetGateway
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-IGW"

  PublicRouteTable:
    Value: !Ref PublicRouteTable
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicRouteTable"

  PrivateRouteTable:
    Value: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PrivateRouteTable"

  LoadBalancerSG:
    Value: !Ref LoadBalancerSG
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-ALB-SG"

  ApplicationSG:
    Value: !Ref ApplicationSG
    Export:
      Name: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-Application-SG"
    • Create stack
    aws cloudformation create-stack \
--stack-name dev-httpd-vpc \
--template-body file://cloudformation/VPC.yml

  2. Tạo Target Group, Auto Scaling Group, LoadBalancer...

    asg.yml

    AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Parameters:
  StageName:
    Description: An stage name that will be prefixed to resource names
    Type: String
    Default: dev
  ApplicationName:
    Type: String
    Default: wordpress
  KeyName:
    Description: EC2 SSH KEY
    Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
    # Giá trị này các bạn lấy keypair name đã tạo cho vào
    Default: <KeyPairName>

  InstanceType:
    Type: String
    AllowedValues:
    - t2.nano
    - t2.micro
    - t2.small
    - t2.medium
    - m3.medium
    - m4.large
    - c3.medium
    - c4.medium
    - c4.large
    Default: t2.small
  Ec2ImageId:
    Type: AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<String>
    Default: /aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/amzn2-ami-hvm-x86_64-gp2

Resources:
  TargetGroup:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup
    Properties:
      Name: !Sub ${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-TG
      Port: 80
      Protocol: HTTP
      VpcId: {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-VPC"}
      TargetType: instance
      HealthCheckPath: '/var/www/html/index.html'
      HealthCheckIntervalSeconds: 10
      HealthCheckProtocol: HTTP
      HealthCheckTimeoutSeconds: 5
      HealthyThresholdCount: 2
      UnhealthyThresholdCount: 2

  LoadBalancerListener:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener
    Properties:
      LoadBalancerArn: !Ref LoadBalancer
      Port: 80
      Protocol: HTTP
      DefaultActions:
        - Type: forward
          TargetGroupArn: !Ref TargetGroup
  LoadBalancer:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      Name: !Sub ${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-ALB
      Subnets:
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet1"}
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet2"}
      SecurityGroups:
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-ALB-SG"}


  LaunchConfiguration:
    Type: AWS::AutoScaling::LaunchConfiguration
    Properties:
      KeyName: !Ref KeyName
      AssociatePublicIpAddress: 'true'
      SecurityGroups: 
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-Application-SG"}
      InstanceType: !Ref InstanceType
      ImageId: !Ref Ec2ImageId
      LaunchConfigurationName: !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-LaunchConfig"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub |
          #!/bin/bash
          yum update -y
          yum install -y httpd
          systemctl start httpd.service
          systemctl enable httpd.service
          cd /var/www/html
          echo "<html><h1>Hello</h1></html>" > index.html
          chkconfig httpd on
      BlockDeviceMappings:
        - DeviceName: "/dev/xvda"
          Ebs:
            VolumeSize: "8"
            VolumeType: "gp2"

  AutoScalingGroup:
    Type: AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup
    DependsOn: LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      LaunchConfigurationName: !Ref LaunchConfiguration
      MinSize: "2"
      MaxSize: "2"
      DesiredCapacity: "2"
      VPCZoneIdentifier:
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet1"}
        - {"Fn::ImportValue": !Sub "${StageName}-${ApplicationName}-PublicSubnet2"}
      TargetGroupARNs: 
        - !Ref TargetGroup
    • Create stack
    aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name ec2-asg \
  --template-body file://asg.yml \
  --parameters \
  ParameterKey=StageName,ParameterValue=dev \
  ParameterKey=ApplicationName,ParameterValue=wordpress

Kết quả

  • Copy DNS name rồi paste mở một trình duyệt mới

                           index.html với Hello đã hiển thị

  • Tiếp theo mình thử terminate 1 EC2 để xem nó có tự scaling lại cho mình một EC2 nữa không!

  • Và sau khoảng 2 phút một em EC2 lại start lên để đảm bảo đủ 2 EC2 cho mình !

Clean up

Vào Cloudformation xoá lần lượt theo thứ tự ngược lại tạo là xong !

Kết

Cảm ơn các bạn đã đọc tới đây. Hẹn gặp lại vào bài tiếp theo!!

CloudFormation High Availability vpc Amazon Ec2 aws Auto Scaling

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